Ma bolts ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku ndipo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamoyo wathu.Komabe, anthu ambiri samamvetsetsa tanthauzo ndi kukula kwa mabawuti.Lero, tikupatseni chidziwitso cha sayansi cha kuyimira kolondola kwa ma bolt a nangula, ndikuyembekeza kukuthandizani.
1. Kusankha zinthu za bawuti ya maziko
Nthawi zambiri, zida za nangula ziyenera kukhala Q235.Ngati mphamvuyo sikwanira, 16Mn nangula bolt imatha kusankhidwa powerengera.Nthawi zambiri, bawuti ya nangula ya Q235 imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo bawutiyo imakhala yolimba komanso yosasunthika.
Kunena zowona, ma bolts a nangula sadzakhalanso ndi gawo lalikulu pakuyika zitsulo.Mbali yokha ya mphamvu ya shear ilipo, chifukwa ntchito yaikulu ndiyo kuthandizira pambuyo pa kukhazikitsa, kotero kuti ndondomekoyi iyenera kutchulidwa posankha ma bolts a nangula.M'malo mwake, timangogwiritsa ntchito Q235B kapena Q235A, ndipo nthawi zambiri sitigwiritsa ntchito mbedza ya Q345, yokhala ndi kutalika kosachepera 150mm.
Maboti a nangula: amatha kugawidwa m'maboti a nangula a zida ndi ma bolt a nangula.Kusankhidwa kwa ziboliboli za nangula kuyenera kuganiziridwa kuchokera kumaganizo a kupsinjika maganizo, ndiko kuti, kukameta ubweya, kugwedezeka ndi mphamvu zowonongeka zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi ma bolts okhazikika.Pa nthawi yomweyi, monga ma bolts a nangula, ayenera kunyamula mphamvu yometa ubweya.Choncho, Q235 (komanso kuganizira kutentha kwa chilengedwe kupewa "blue brittleness") ayenera kusankhidwa nthawi zambiri.Pamene nyumba, nyumba kapena zida zokhazikitsidwa ndi mabawuti am'deralo zili ndi zovuta zowoneka bwino kapena kugwedezeka pazitsulo za nangula, zoyambazo ziyenera kuwerengedwa ndikusankhidwa ndi mainchesi kapena kusankha mwachindunji 16Mn ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, ndipo zotsirizirazi ziyenera kuthetsedwa ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mabawuti a nangula.Ndipotu, zipangizo ndi zodula tsopano.
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito Q235A.Q235B ndiyokwera mtengo kuposa Q235A.Maboti a nangula safunikira kuwotcherera, choncho ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito Gulu A.
2. Ukadaulo wokonza zida za bawuti za maziko
Kukonzekera kwa bawuti ya nangula: tembenuzani ulusi poyamba, kenako pindani mbedza, ndikuwoloka Q235 yokhala ndi kutalika kofanana kwa 150mm pafupi ndi mbedza.Kuphatikiza apo, ziyenera kuzindikirika kuti A3 ndi nambala yakale yamtundu, ndipo tsopano ikufanana ndi chitsulo cha Q235A.A3, chomwe ndi dzina lakale.Ngakhale kuti akugwiritsidwabe ntchito, amangolankhula chinenero cholankhulidwa.Ndi bwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito m'mabuku olembedwa.Ndi Class A chitsulo.Wopanga zitsulo zamtunduwu amangotsimikizira kuti makinawo amagwirira ntchito koma osati momwe amapangira mankhwala akachoka pafakitale, Chifukwa chake, zida zonyansa monga S ndi P zitha kukhala zochulukirapo, ndipo mpweya wa kaboni uli pafupifupi 0,2%, pafupifupi wofanana ndi No. 20 zitsulo, zomwe ndi zofanana ndi Q235 muyeso watsopano.A3 ndi A3F ndi mayina akale a Q235-A, Q235-A.F A3 zitsulo ndi Q235, Q345 ndi makalasi a carbon structural zitsulo.A3 ndi kalasi yachitsulo muyeso yakale, koma muyezo wapano (GB221-79) ulibe kalasi yotere.
Munthawi yamakono, A3 ikuphatikizidwa mu Q235.Q235 ikuyimira kuti mphamvu zokolola zachitsulo ichi ndi 235MPa.Momwemonso, 345 mu Q345 ikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu angapo, kuphatikizapo: A - kuonetsetsa kuti makina amakina, B - kuonetsetsa kuti makina opangidwa ndi makina ndi ozizira amapindika, C - kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwala ... , B, C sizosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe zili muyeso yatsopano (ndikuganiza kuti izi ndizochitika), ndipo 1, 2, 3...... Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonyeza mphamvu.1 imayimira mphamvu yokolola ya 195MPa, 2 imayimira mphamvu yokolola ya 215MPa, ndipo 3 imayimira mphamvu yokolola ya 235MPa.Chifukwa chake A3 ikufanana ndi Q235A mumtundu watsopano.Kupatula apo, A3 idagwiritsidwapo ntchito kale, kotero anthu ambiri amazolowera kugwiritsa ntchito, monga momwe ena amazolowera kugwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi a "jin, liang".Q235 ndi carbon structural chitsulo.Poyerekeza ndi akale muyezo GB700-79 giredi, A3 ndi C3 Q345 ndi otsika aloyi structural zitsulo.Poyerekeza ndi kalasi yakale 1591-88, pali katundu ndi ntchito zambiri za 12MnV, 16Mn 16MnRE, 18Nb ndi 14MnNb Q345 - kutsinde ndi weldment ali ndi katundu wabwino mabuku makina, katundu otsika kutentha, plasticity wabwino ndi weldability.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zonyamulira katundu, zida zamakina, zomangira, ndi zida zachitsulo zapakatikati ndi zotsika, matanki amafuta, magalimoto, ma cranes, makina amigodi, zopangira magetsi, milatho, ndi zina zambiri, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito potentha. kugudubuza kapena normalizing zinthu.Iwo angagwiritsidwe ntchito nyumba zosiyanasiyana m'madera ozizira pansipa - 40 ℃.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-23-2022